Static Generator

Note

Static generators should always have a positive p_mw value, since all power values are given in the generator convention. If you want to model constant power consumption, it is recommended to use a load element instead of a static generator with negative active power value. If you want to model a voltage controlled generator, use the generator element.

See also

Unit Systems and Conventions

Create Function

pandapower.create_sgen(net, bus, p_mw, q_mvar=0, sn_mva=nan, name=None, index=None, scaling=1.0, type='wye', in_service=True, max_p_mw=nan, min_p_mw=nan, max_q_mvar=nan, min_q_mvar=nan, controllable=nan, k=nan, rx=nan, current_source=True, generator_type=None, max_ik_ka=nan, kappa=nan, lrc_pu=nan, **kwargs)

Adds one static generator in table net[“sgen”].

Static generators are modelled as positive and constant PQ power. This element is used to model generators with a constant active and reactive power feed-in. If you want to model a voltage controlled generator, use the generator element instead.

gen, sgen and ext_grid in the grid are modelled in the generator system! If you want to model the generation of power, you have to assign a positive active power to the generator. Please pay attention to the correct signing of the reactive power as well (positive for injection and negative for consumption).

INPUT:

net - The net within this static generator should be created

bus (int) - The bus id to which the static generator is connected

p_mw (float) - The active power of the static generator (positive for generation!)

OPTIONAL:

q_mvar (float, 0) - The reactive power of the sgen

sn_mva (float, None) - Nominal power of the sgen

name (string, None) - The name for this sgen

index (int, None) - Force a specified ID if it is available. If None, the index one higher than the highest already existing index is selected.

scaling (float, 1.) - An OPTIONAL scaling factor to be set customly. Multiplys with p_mw and q_mvar.

type (string, None) - Three phase Connection type of the static generator: wye/delta

in_service (boolean) - True for in_service or False for out of service

max_p_mw (float, NaN) - Maximum active power injection - necessary for controllable sgens in OPF

min_p_mw (float, NaN) - Minimum active power injection - necessary for controllable sgens in OPF

max_q_mvar (float, NaN) - Maximum reactive power injection - necessary for controllable sgens in OPF

min_q_mvar (float, NaN) - Minimum reactive power injection - necessary for controllable sgens in OPF

controllable (bool, NaN) - Whether this generator is controllable by the optimal powerflow; defaults to False if “controllable” column exists in DataFrame

k (float, NaN) - Ratio of short circuit current to nominal current

rx (float, NaN) - R/X ratio for short circuit impedance. Only relevant if type is specified as motor so that sgen is treated as asynchronous motor. Relevant for short-circuit calculation for all generator types

generator_type (str, “None”) - can be one of “current_source” (full size converter), “async” (asynchronous generator), or “async_doubly_fed” (doubly fed asynchronous generator, DFIG). Represents the type of the static generator in the context of the short-circuit calculations of wind power station units. If None, other short-circuit-related parameters are not set

lrc_pu (float, nan) - locked rotor current in relation to the rated generator current. Relevant if the generator_type is “async”.

max_ik_ka (float, nan) - the highest instantaneous short-circuit value in case of a three-phase short-circuit (provided by the manufacturer). Relevant if the generator_type is “async_doubly_fed”.

kappa (float, nan) - the factor for the calculation of the peak short-circuit current, referred to the high-voltage side (provided by the manufacturer). Relevant if the generator_type is “async_doubly_fed”.

If the superposition method is used (use_pre_fault_voltage=True), this parameter is used to pass through the max. current limit of the machine in p.u.

current_source (bool, True) - Model this sgen as a current source during short- circuit calculations; useful in some cases, for example the simulation of full- size converters per IEC 60909-0:2016.

OUTPUT:

index (int) - The unique ID of the created sgen

EXAMPLE:

create_sgen(net, 1, p_mw = 120)

pandapower.create_sgen_from_cosphi(net, bus, sn_mva, cos_phi, mode, **kwargs)

Creates an sgen element from rated power and power factor cos(phi).

INPUT:

net - The net within this static generator should be created

bus (int) - The bus id to which the static generator is connected

sn_mva (float) - rated power of the generator

cos_phi (float) - power factor cos_phi

mode (str) - “underexcited” (Q absorption, decreases voltage) or “overexcited” (Q injection, increases voltage)

OUTPUT:

index (int) - The unique ID of the created sgen

gen, sgen, and ext_grid are modelled in the generator point of view. Active power will therefore be postive for generation, and reactive power will be negative for underexcited behavior (Q absorption, decreases voltage) and positive for for overexcited behavior (Q injection, increases voltage).

Input Parameters

net.sgen

Parameter	Datatype	Value Range	Explanation
name	string		name of the static generator
type	string	naming conventions: “PV” - photovoltaic system “WP” - wind power system “CHP” - combined heating and power system	type of generator
bus*	integer		index of connected bus
p_mw*	float	\(\leq\) 0	active power of the static generator [MW]
q_mvar*	float		reactive power of the static generator [MVar]
sn_mva	float	\(>\) 0	rated power ot the static generator [MVA]
scaling*	float	\(\geq\) 0	scaling factor for the active and reactive power
max_p_mw**	float		Maximum active power [MW]
min_p_mw**	float		Minimum active power [MW]
max_q_mvar**	float		Maximum reactive power [MVar]
min_q_mvar**	float		Minimum reactive power [MVar]
controllable**	bool		States if sgen is controllable or not, sgen will not be used as a flexibilty if it is not controllable
k***	float	\(\geq\) 0	Ratio of short circuit current to nominal current
rx***	float	\(\geq\) 0	R/X ratio for short circuit impedance. Only relevant if type is specified as motor so that sgen is treated as asynchronous motor
in_service*	boolean	True / False	specifies if the generator is in service.

*necessary for executing a power flow calculation
**optimal power flow parameter

Electric Model

Static Generators are modelled as PQ-buses in the power flow calculation:

The PQ-Values are calculated from the parameter table values as:

\begin{align*} P_{sgen} &= p\_mw \cdot scaling \\ Q_{sgen} &= q\_mvar \cdot scaling \\ \end{align*}

Note

The apparent power value sn_mva is provided as additional information for usage in controller or other applications based on panadapower. It is not considered in the power flow!

Result Parameters

net.res_sgen

Parameter	Datatype	Explanation
p_mw	float	resulting active power demand after scaling [MW]
q_mvar	float	resulting reactive power demand after scaling [MVar]

The power values in the net.res_sgen table are equivalent to \(P_{sgen}\) and \(Q_{sgen}\).